From: Encyclopædia Britannica
Sivapithecus, fossil primate genus dating from the Miocene Epoch (23.7 to 5.3 million years ago) and thought to be the direct ancestor of the orangutan. Sivapithecus is closely related to Ramapithecus, and fossils of the two primates have often been recovered from the same deposits in the Siwālik Hills of northern Pakistan. Other Sivapithecus remains have been found at sites in Turkey, Pakistan, China, Greece, and Kenya. Some authorities maintain that Sivapithecus and Ramapithecus are in fact the same species. Though Sivapithecus was slightly larger than Ramapithecus, it was only a small-to-medium-sized ape about the size of a modern chimpanzee. The fossil remains of Sivapithecus reveal that it shared many of the same specialized facial features of the orangutan—i.e., eyes set narrowly apart, a concave face, a smooth nasal floor, large zygomatic bones, and enlarged central incisors.
Sivapithecus’ place in primate evolution was poorly understood until the 1980s. Prior to this, the genus, along with Ramapithecus, was interpreted as having both apelike and humanlike features and thus was presumed to be a possible first step in the evolutionary divergence of humans from the common hominoid stock of the apes. But new Sivapithecus finds and the reinterpretation of existing remains convinced most authorities in the 1980s that Sivapithecus was the ancestor of the modern orangutan and diverged from the common lineage of the African apes (i.e., chimpanzees and gorillas) and humans more than 13 million years ago. The earliest Sivapithecus remains found so far are about 17 million years old, and the most recent are about 8 million years old.
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From: A Dictionary of Earth Sciences, 1999
Sivapithecus, Genus of early hominoid Primates, which probably includes the socalled Ramapithecus. They are known from E. Africa, south-eastern Europe, Turkey, Arabia, Pakistan, northern India, and southern China, from the Middle and Late Miocene 15–8 Ma ago. The genus may include ancestors of great apes and humans, but certainly early relatives of the orang-utan have been identified among species of the genus. Although there are similarities between the teeth of Sivapithecus and those of humans, these are probably misleading, and Sivapithecus is now regarded as an ape that was ancestral either to the orang-utan alone, or to all living great apes and humans.
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Sivapithecus, fossil primate genus dating from the Miocene Epoch (23.7 to 5.3 million years ago) and thought to be the direct ancestor of the orangutan. Sivapithecus is closely related to Ramapithecus, and fossils of the two primates have often been recovered from the same deposits in the Siwālik Hills of northern Pakistan. Other Sivapithecus remains have been found at sites in Turkey, Pakistan, China, Greece, and Kenya. Some authorities maintain that Sivapithecus and Ramapithecus are in fact the same species. Though Sivapithecus was slightly larger than Ramapithecus, it was only a small-to-medium-sized ape about the size of a modern chimpanzee. The fossil remains of Sivapithecus reveal that it shared many of the same specialized facial features of the orangutan—i.e., eyes set narrowly apart, a concave face, a smooth nasal floor, large zygomatic bones, and enlarged central incisors.
Sivapithecus’ place in primate evolution was poorly understood until the 1980s. Prior to this, the genus, along with Ramapithecus, was interpreted as having both apelike and humanlike features and thus was presumed to be a possible first step in the evolutionary divergence of humans from the common hominoid stock of the apes. But new Sivapithecus finds and the reinterpretation of existing remains convinced most authorities in the 1980s that Sivapithecus was the ancestor of the modern orangutan and diverged from the common lineage of the African apes (i.e., chimpanzees and gorillas) and humans more than 13 million years ago. The earliest Sivapithecus remains found so far are about 17 million years old, and the most recent are about 8 million years old.
From: A Dictionary of Earth Sciences, 1999
Sivapithecus, Genus of early hominoid Primates, which probably includes the socalled Ramapithecus. They are known from E. Africa, south-eastern Europe, Turkey, Arabia, Pakistan, northern India, and southern China, from the Middle and Late Miocene 15–8 Ma ago. The genus may include ancestors of great apes and humans, but certainly early relatives of the orang-utan have been identified among species of the genus. Although there are similarities between the teeth of Sivapithecus and those of humans, these are probably misleading, and Sivapithecus is now regarded as an ape that was ancestral either to the orang-utan alone, or to all living great apes and humans.
